The graph of the function $y = 22 + \sqrt{x}$ can be obtained from the graph of $y = \sqrt{x}$ by one of the following actions:

(a) shifting the graph of $f(x)$ downward 22 units;

(b) shifting the graph of $f(x)$ upward 22 units;

(c) horizontally stretching the graph of $f(x)$ by a factor 22;

(d) horizontally shrinking the graph of $f(x)$ by a factor 1/22;

Your answer is (input A, B, C, or D)