Graphing. Understand the interplay between algebra and geometry when graphs are shifted horizontally and vertically.
For example, the graph of $$f(x) = e^{x-2}-3$$ is the graph of the exponential $y=e^x$ shifted units horizontally and units vertically. (Distinguish left and right and up and down with the appropriate signs of the shift. You should also draw the graphs of the original and the shifted exponential in one coordinate system.)